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ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง, ์ด‰์ง„ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰, ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์นผ ๋ฐ˜์‘
ferronickel slag powder, rapid chloride migration coefficient, charge passed, mechanochemistry

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  • 2. ์‹ค ํ—˜

  •   2.1 ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

  •   2.2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ์žฌ๋ฃŒ

  •   2.3 ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐฐํ•ฉ

  •   2.4 NT Build 492์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์‹œํ—˜

  •   2.5 ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰ ์ธก์ •์‹œํ—˜

  •   2.6 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„์‹œํ—˜

  • 3. ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  •   3.1 ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  •   3.1.1 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  •   3.1.2 ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  •   3.2 ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”

  •   3.2.1 ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜

  •   3.2.2 ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰

  •   3.3 ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  • 4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ    ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์นจํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋…ธํ›„๊ด€๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 2010๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์„œ์šธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋„๋กœ ํ•จ๋ชฐ 3,205๊ฑด ์ค‘ ๋…ธํ›„ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์ด ์›์ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ 2,714๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด์˜ 84.7 %์— ์ด๋ฅธ๋‹ค(City of Seoul 2014). 2013๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ตญ์— ๋ถ€์„ค๋œ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์€ 126,646 km์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด ์ค‘ ์›์‹ฌ๋ ฅ๊ด€(reinforced spun concrete pipe, ํ„๊ด€)๊ณผ ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ ์ „์•• ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ด€(vibrated and rolled reinforced concrete pipe, VR๊ด€) ๋“ฑ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๊ด€์€ 46,030 km๋กœ์„œ 36.3 %๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Ministry of Environment 2014). ํŠนํžˆ, ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๊ด€์€ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ ํšก๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์ข…๋‹จ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์„ค์น˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋„๋กœ์นจํ•˜์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๊ด€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ฆ๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๊ด€์€ ์ œ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์Šต์‹์— ์˜ํ•œ ์›์‹ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ„๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฑด์‹์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ ๋กค ์ „์••์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ VR๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์Šต์‹๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํ„๊ด€์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฑด์‹๋ฐฐํ•ฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ VR๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ํŽธ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฑด์‹๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์„ ์ œ์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ง„๋™์ „์•• ์„ฑํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์žฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค๊ณต์„ฑ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณต๊ทน์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ€์‹์ธ์ž์˜ ์นจํˆฌ๋กœ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€์‹์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์—ดํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋‹จ์ถ•์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Sarja and Vesikari 1994). ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ”Œ๋ผ์ด์• ์‹œ, ๊ณ ๋กœ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง ๋“ฑ์ด ํ˜ผํ™”์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Song et al. 2003; Kwon et al. 2016; Park 2017). ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํ˜ผํ™”์žฌ๋ฃŒ ์™ธ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ธ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ(ferronickel slag) ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ• ๋ฐ ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฐ•์˜ ์ฃผ์›๋ฃŒ์ธ ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์˜ ์›์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ธ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์€ ์ˆœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์„ 20 % ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ ๊ณผ ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 2008๋…„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ ์ œ๋ จ๊ณต์žฅ์ด ๊ด‘์–‘์— ์ค€๊ณต๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 100๋งŒ ํ†ค ์ด์ƒ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์šฉ ๋…ธ๋ฐ˜์žฌ๋‚˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์šฉ ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ ๋ฐ ๋†์—…์šฉ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋กœ๋„ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ 10 %์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์‡„ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„์€ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค(Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs 2011). ์ฒ ๊ฐ•๊ธˆ์†์ธ ๊ณ ๋กœ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ ‘ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜์ธต์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น„์ฒ ๊ธˆ์†์ธ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๋„ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์šฉ ํ˜ผํ™”์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ์šฉ์— ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ถ„์‡„๋ฐ€์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์—ฐ๋งˆ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ(mechanochemical) ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง์„ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์˜ ์น˜ํ™˜์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Park et al. 2013; Sereenen 2013). ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ๋œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์น˜๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ํŽ˜์ด์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ๊ณจ์žฌ ๊ณ„๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ณต์œจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์—์„œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‚ด์—ผํ•ด์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์ ์šฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง์˜ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์น˜ํ™˜์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง„๋™๋ฐ€์„ ํ†ตํ•œ 1์ฐจ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„์‡„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 3,560 cm2/g์ธ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง๊ณผ, 2์ฐจ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์‡„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๋ฅผ 4,840 cm2/g์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚จ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์••์ถ• ๋ฐ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง์˜ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋น„์œจ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์‹ค    ํ—˜

2.1 ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๊ด€์ธ VR๊ด€์˜ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์ˆ˜๋ช… ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ง(์ดํ•˜ FNS)๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ์ž…ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฌ์บ์ŠคํŠธ ์ œํ’ˆ์ธ VR๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์žฌ๋ น์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์žฌ๋ น 1, 3, 7, 28์ผ์—์„œ์˜ ํœจ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ์žฌ๋ น 7์ผ ๋ฐ 28์ผ์— ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ ์˜ FNS ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ์žฌ๋ฃŒ

์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ฐ€๋„ 3.15 g/cm3 ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 3,160 cm2/g์ธ ๋ณดํ†ตํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ(์ดํ•˜ OPC)์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ(S1), ๋ถ€์ˆœ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ(S2) ๋ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€์ž…์ž ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 8 mm ์ •๋„์ธ ์„๋ถ„(S3), ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. FNS๋Š” Fig. 1์—์„œ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. B1์€ 1์ฐจ ๋ถ„์‡„ํ•œ FNS๋กœ (์ฃผ)SNNC์—์„œ ์•ผ์ ๋œ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ผˆ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๊ทธ๋ฅผ H ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์‡„๋ฐ€๋กœ 1์ฐจ ๋ถ„์‡„ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๋Š” 3,560 cm2/g์ด๋‹ค. B2๋Š” ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์˜ ์†Œํ˜• ์ง„๋™ ๋ถ„์‡„๋ฐ€๋กœ 2์ฐจ ๋ถ„์‡„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ 4,840 cm2/g๋กœ ์ปค์ง„ FNS์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2๋Š” Fig. 1์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ๋ฐ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ™”ํ•™์  ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผํ™”์ œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด H์‚ฌ์˜ ํด๋ฆฌ์นด๋ณธ์‚ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณจ์žฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์€ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์™€ FNS์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์กฐ์„ฑ์€ Table 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ VR๊ด€ ๊ฑฐ๋™ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ฑ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ฐ ๊ณจ์žฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ VR๊ด€ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1

Photos for ferronickel slag powder : (a) after 1st milling process, (b) after 2nd milling process

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Table 1 Physical properties of fine aggregate

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_06_12_T1.jpg

Table 2 Chemical compositions for OPC and FNS

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_06_12_T2.jpg

2.3 ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐฐํ•ฉ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ FNS B1 ๋ฐ B2์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋น„์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ FNS์˜ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์น˜ํ™˜๋Ÿ‰์„ 0โˆผ50 %๊นŒ์ง€ 10 % ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ VR๊ด€ ์ œ์ž‘ ์‹œ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์žฌ๋น„๋Š” 32 %๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํ˜ผํ™”์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” VR๊ด€ ์ œ์ž‘์‹œ ์Šฌ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑด์‹๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ VR๊ด€ ์ œ์ž‘๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง„๋™์ „์•• ์„ฑํ˜•๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ์— ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ํ•œ ํ›„ 1๋ถ„ 30์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ง„๋™์ „์•• ์„ฑํ˜•๊ธฐ์— ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  1๋ถ„ 30์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ์ „์•• ํ›„ ์ง„๋™๋‹ค์ง์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ „์••์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์„ ํƒˆํ˜•ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” Fig. 2์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒˆํ˜•ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์€ ํ•ญ์˜จํ•ญ์Šต๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ 25 ยฐC์—์„œ 65 ยฐC๋กœ ์™„๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์Šนํ•œ ํ›„ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ 65 ยฐC๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ ํ›„ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ 25 ยฐC๋กœ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์–‘์ƒ์€ KS F 4402์—์„œ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ Fig. 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 3 Mix proportions for mortar samples

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Fig. 2

Photos for a vibrated and rolled manufacturing process : (a) mixing, (b) input, (c) vibrating and rolling, (d) demolding

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_06_12_F2.jpg
Fig. 3

Photos for a steam curing process. (a) constant temperature and humidity chamber, (b) cycle of curing time

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_06_12_F3.jpg

2.4 NT Build 492์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์‹œํ—˜

์ „์œ„์ฐจ ์ด‰์ง„ ์‹œํ—˜๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋น„์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” Tangโ€™s method(Zhang and Gjร˜rv 1994)์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ NT Build 492์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ์ „์œ„์ฐจ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์‚ฐ์…€์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์Œ๊ทน์…€(cell) ์šฉ์•ก์€ 0.5 M์˜ ์—ผํ™”๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ(NaCl) ์šฉ์•ก์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์–‘๊ทน์…€ ์šฉ์•ก์€ 0.3 M์˜ ์ˆ˜์‚ฐํ™”์นผ์Š˜(Ca(OH)2) ์šฉ์•ก์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘๊ป˜ 50 mm์ด๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฆ„ 100 mm์ธ ์›์ฃผํ˜• ๊ณต์‹œ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ํฌํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ธ๊ด€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์ธต๊ฐ„์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 3์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง„๊ณต์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ›„ ํฌํ™” Ca(OH)2 ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก์„ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์•• ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ 18ยฑ2 ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์นจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณค๋‹ค. ํ™•์‚ฐ์…€์— ์ดˆ๊ธฐ 30 V ์ „์••์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ’์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์••์ „์•• ๋ฐ ์‹œํ—˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์นจํˆฌ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ›„ ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์„ ์ชผ๊ฐœ์–ด ์ ˆ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— 0.1M์˜ ์งˆ์‚ฐ์€(AgNO3) ์šฉ์•ก์„ ๋ถ„๋ฌดํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์€ํšŒ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€์ƒ‰๋œ ๋ถ€์œ„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ณต์‹œ์ฒด 5๊ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’ ์ค‘ ์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๊ณต์‹œ์ฒด 3๊ฐœ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์  ์ดํ•˜์—์„œ ๋๋งบ์Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์šฉ์ „์•• ๋ฐ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์‹œํ—˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ Table 4์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์ธก์ •์€ ๊ณต์‹œ์ฒด ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ 10 mm๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ ์™ธ์ธก๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ 10 mm ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์”ฉ 7๊ณณ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ํ‰๊ท ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ์นจํˆฌ๊นŠ์ด๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ ์ด‰์ง„ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜(rapid chloride migration coefficient) ์‚ฐ์ •์€ ์‹(1)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 4 Test condition according to the initial current value

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_06_12_T4.jpg

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA5D2.gif              (1)

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA5E3.gif = ์ด‰์ง„ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ (m2/sec)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA603.gif

      

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA614.gif = ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์˜จ ์›์ž๊ฐ€(=1)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA673.gif = ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋ฐ์ด ์ƒ์ˆ˜(9.648๏ฝฅ104 J๏ฝฅ(K๏ฝฅmol)-1)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA674.gif = ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ƒ์ˆ˜(8.314 J๏ฝฅ(K๏ฝฅmol)-1)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA675.gif = ์šฉ์•ก์˜จ๋„(K)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA721.gif = ์–‘๊ทน์™€ ์Œ๊ทน ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ „์œ„์ฐจ(V)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA780.gif = ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‘๊ป˜(m)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA791.gif = ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ์˜ ์นจํˆฌ๊นŠ์ด(m)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA7E0.gif = ์˜ค์ฐจํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ญํ•จ์ˆ˜

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA7E1.gif = ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ์˜ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ๋†๋„(=0.07 N)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA811.gif = ์ƒ๋ถ€์…€ ์‹œ์•ฝ์˜ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ๋†๋„(=2N)

2.5 ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰ ์ธก์ •์‹œํ—˜

ASTM C 1202-10์™€ KS F 2711์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰ ์ธก์ •์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€๋ฆ„ 100 mm, ๋‘๊ป˜ 50 mm์ธ ์›ํ†ตํ˜• ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ น 7์ผ ๋ฐ 28์ผ ์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์˜ ์œ—๋ฉด๊ณผ ๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์…€์„ 3.0 % NaCl ์šฉ์•ก์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šด๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์…€์˜ ์ด์ชฝ์„ ์ „์›๊ณต๊ธ‰์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์Œ๊ทน๋ถ€์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์…€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์€ 0.3 N NaOH ์šฉ์•ก์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ  ์ „์› ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์–‘๊ทน๋ถ€์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „์›๊ณต๊ธ‰์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด 60.0ยฑ0.1 V๋กœ ์ „์••์„ ๋งž์ถ˜๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ’์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ 30๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ’์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๊ณก์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณก์„ ์˜ ์•„๋žซ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์‹ (2)๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์ด 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰(coulomb)์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ „๋„๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 4

Photo for experimental equipment of accelerated chloride ion penetration

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_06_12_F4.jpg

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA821.gif (2)

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA822.gif : ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰(coulomb)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA862.gif : ์ „์•• ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์งํ›„ ์ „๋ฅ˜(amperes)

      /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA863.gif : ์ „์••์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ํ›„ /Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/PICA874.gif๋ถ„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํ›„์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜(amperes)

2.6 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„์‹œํ—˜

๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํœจ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„์‹œํ—˜์€ KS F 4042์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 5์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 40 mmร—40 mmร—160 mm์ธ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์šฉ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ น 1์ผ, 3์ผ, 7์ผ, 28์ผ์— ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ชผ๊ฐœ์ง„ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 5

Photo for strength test equipments : (a) flexural strength test, (b) compressive strength test

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.6.633/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_06_12_F5.jpg

3. ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€

3.1 ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

3.1.1 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์žฌ๋ น 1, 3, 7, 28์ผ์— KS F 4042์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  Fig. 6์— ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ 3,560 cm2/g์ธ B1์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žฌ๋ น 7์ผ์—์„œ 28์ผ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. FNS ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 10โˆผ30 %์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ 40 % ์ดํ›„์—์„  ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ 4,840 cm2/g์ธ B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ 1, 3, 7์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„์—์„œ B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40, 50 %์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌ๋ น๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 28์ผ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด B1์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„  FNS 20 % ์น˜ํ™˜ ์‹œ OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 24.8 % ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 10โˆผ30 % ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด 40, 50 % ์น˜ํ™˜ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ํฐ ํญ์œผ๋กœ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„  28์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ๋Š” 40 % ์น˜ํ™˜ ์‹œ OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 19.8 % ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’๋งŒ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค B1 ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ ํฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ B2 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ โ€“8.4โˆผ313.7 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  90.9 %๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1, 3, 7์ผ ์žฌ๋ น์—์„œ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2 ์‹œํŽธ์ด B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ FNS์˜ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์ด ํฐ 40, 50 %์—์„œ ๋”์šฑ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 6

Results of flexural strength test : (a) B1 series, (b) B2 series

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3.1.2 ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋„ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์žฌ๋ น์— ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ Fig. 7์— ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ 1, 3, 7์ผ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์žฌ๋ น์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 28์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 10โˆผ20 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ๋งŒ OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 15.8 % ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 30 % ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„  OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40 %์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 26.9% ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ •๋„ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 28์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 4,840 cm2/g์ธ B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 3,560 cm2/g์ธ B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด 8.9โˆผ88.9 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  44.3 % ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•๋„์ธ 1์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ๋“ค์ด B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ 56.5โˆผ217.7 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  123.9 % ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 84.8โˆผ98.5 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  89.8 % ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 7

Results of compressive strength test : (a) B1 series, (b) B2 series

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3.2 ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”

3.2.1 ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜

NT Build 492์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•ด์„œ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์นจํˆฌ๊นŠ์ด ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ (1)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ ์ด‰์ง„ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ DRCM์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Fig. 8์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ B1์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์€ 28์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ FNS 30 % ์น˜ํ™˜๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, 30 % ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 37.2 % ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. FNS 40 % ์น˜ํ™˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํญ์ด ์ค„์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์—์„œ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 28์ผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ FNS 40 % ์น˜ํ™˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40 %์—์„œ OPC๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 63.6 % ์ •๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ B1๊ณผ B2์˜ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 4.7โˆผ45.8 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  19.6 % ์ •๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น 7์ผ์—์„œ 28์ผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ OPC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 12.4 % ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๊ทธ์นœ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ 21.3โˆผ38.3 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” 15.9โˆผ40.6 %์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ด‰์ง„ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์นจํˆฌ ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ FNS์˜ ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ€์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ SEM, XRD ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์  ๋ถ„์„์ž‘์—…์ด ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ€์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์ธ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ, FNS์˜ ํ˜ผ์ž…์ด ๊ณต๊ทน๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ MgO์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—ํŠธ๋ž€์ž์ดํŠธ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ƒ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ž์œ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ํก์ฐฉ๊ณผ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 8

Results of rapid chloride migration coefficient : (a) B1 series, (b) B2 series

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3.2.2 ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰

๊ฐ ์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ASTM C 1202 ๋ฐ KS F 2711์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ’์€ Fig. 9์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ์—์„œ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•œ ์ฝ”์•„์‹œํ—˜ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์€ ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ ASTM C 1202์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ Table 5์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ’์€ ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น 7์ผ์—์„œ๋Š” OPC๋Š” 15,615 coulomb์œผ๋กœ Table 5์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” 20 % ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ 7,614 coulomb์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ Table 5์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 19.5โˆผ37.3 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  34.0 % ์ •๋„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋„ 4,000 coulomb ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜, OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ 51.0โˆผ64.9 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  58.1 % ์ •๋„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ์˜ B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 21.8โˆผ54.7 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  34.8 % ์ •๋„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์—์„œ๋Š” OPC๋Š” 6,417 coulomb์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ 40 % ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ 3,020 coulomb์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํ†ต ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ 21.6โˆผ42.0 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  32.4 % ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋„ 40 % ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ 2,231 coulomb์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 40.6โˆผ65.2 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  52.0 % ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์—์„œ B1 ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 2.2โˆผ40.1 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  28.4 % ์ •๋„ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ์‹œํ—˜๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ FNS์˜ ํ˜ผ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 5 Chloride ion permeability based on charge passed

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Fig. 9

Results of quantities of electric charge passed : (a) B1 series, (b) B2 series

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3.3 ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€

FNS์˜ ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด OPC ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ์–‘(+)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„ ์œจ๊ณผ FNS์น˜ํ™˜์œจ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ Fig. 10์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ ๋น„์œจ์€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„ ์œจ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. B1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 28์ผ ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 30 % ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40โˆผ50 %๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ 20โˆผ30 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. B2์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ FNS ํ˜ผ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” 40 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์„ ์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 50 %์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ 30โˆผ40 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐœ์„ ์œจ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 10

Relationship between FNS replacement ratio and improvement ratio : (a) B1 series, (b) B2 series

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4. ๊ฒฐ    ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ FNS์ธ B1 ๋ฐ B2์˜ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ์ง„๋™์ „์•• ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์นจํˆฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

1)ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 3,560 cm2/g์ธ B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 30 %๊นŒ์ง€ 11.9โˆผ24.8 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ตœํ™˜์œจ 20 %์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 4,840 cm2/g์ธ B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 50 %๊นŒ์ง€ 4.8โˆผ19.8 %๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  40 %์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์˜ B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ํ‰๊ท  90.9 %๋กœ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2)์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 20 %๊นŒ์ง€ 2.3โˆผ15.8 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 20 %์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 50 %๊นŒ์ง€ 14.9โˆผ31.1 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์˜ B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 9.0โˆผ88.9 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  44.3 % ์ •๋„ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3)์ด‰์ง„์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ 11.5โˆผ37.2 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 30 %์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ์—๋Š” 21.8โˆผ63.6 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40%์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์˜ B1์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 4.7โˆผ45.8 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  19.6 % ์ •๋„ ์ด๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4)์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ ์ด์˜จ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ B1 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ OPC์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ 21.6โˆผ42.0 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40 %์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. B2 ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” OPC ๋Œ€๋น„ 40.6โˆผ65.2 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ 40 %์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜์œจ์˜ B1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด 21.8โˆผ54.7 % ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  28.4 % ์ •๋„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์ „ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

5)๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ์—ผํ™”๋ฌผ์ด์˜จ ์นจํˆฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ B2๊ฐ€ B1์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์žฌ๋ น์—์„œ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฉ”์นด๋…ธ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ์˜ํ•œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

6)๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 3,560 cm2/g์ธ B1 FNS๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์ตœ์  ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์€ 20โˆผ30 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„๋ง๋„ 4,840 cm2/g์ธ B2 FNS ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์ตœ์  ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์น˜ํ™˜๋น„์œจ์€ 30โˆผ40 % ๋ฒ”์œ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…๋Œ€ ๊ต๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋น„ ์ง€์›์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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