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  1. ์ธ์ฒœ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ (Graduate Student, Division of Architecture and Urban Design, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Rep. of Korea)
  2. ์ธ์ฒœ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Division of Architecture and Urban Design, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Rep. of Korea)
  3. ๋ชฉํฌ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Assistant Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Mokpo National University, Jeonam 58554, Rep. of Korea)



์ง€ํ•˜์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ, ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC, ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘
underground parking lot, composite structure, half PC, permanent load

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์€ ๋„“์€ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ง€ํ•˜์ธต ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋™์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ ๊ฑด์„ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ง€ํ•˜์ธต ๊ณต์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์ „์ฒด ์‚ฌ์—…์„ฑ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์‹œ๊ณต์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kim et al. 2017; Lee et al. 2017; Oh et al. 2018a, 2018b)(4,8-10).

์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์„ ์ฃผ ์ ์šฉ๋ถ€์œ„๋กœ, ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ณต์‚ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ฑฐํ‘ธ์ง‘๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ Fig. 1์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋งค๋ฆฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC(Half PC) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฒ ๊ทผ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ƒํ˜„์žฌ์ธ D10 ๋˜๋Š” D13 ์ฒ ๊ทผ์„ ์••์ถ•์ €ํ•ญ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์‹œ๊ณตํ•˜์ค‘ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์••์ถ•์ €ํ•ญ ์š”์†Œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ด ์ž‘์•„์„œ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ์„ค๊ณ„ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ „์— ์ขŒ๊ตด๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„์ด ์•ฝ 3 m ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ ์šฉ์— ์ œ์•ฝ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ Cํ˜•๊ฐ•(KATS 2016b)(7)์„ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ•ํžŒ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํƒ€์„คํ•˜์—ฌ ์••์ถ•์ €ํ•ญ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , Uํ˜• ๊ฐ•์žฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์นด์ด์ € ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์„ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ผ์ฒดํ™”ํ•œ Fig. 1์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ(truss encased slab)๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Kim et al. 2019)(5). ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ ๊ฑฐํ‘ธ์ง‘๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ Hํ˜•๊ฐ• ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ์ „ ํœจ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ์ „ ์‹œ๊ณต ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Kim et al. 2019)(5). ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํœจ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1. Truss encased slab

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig1.png

2. ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐœ์š”์™€ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฒ•

2.1 ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐœ์š”

๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” Fig. 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC, ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ, ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ, Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด๊ณผ ์ฑ„์›€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ณตํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์€ ์ธ์žฅ๋ ฅ์— ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๊ณ , Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด๊ณผ ์ฑ„์›€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์••์ถ•๋ ฅ์— ์ €ํ•ญํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์€ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ๊ฐ•์žฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์šฉ์ ‘๋˜์–ด Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ๊ฐ•์žฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฒฝํ™” ํ›„์—๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‹ ๊ตฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฒด ๊ฑฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ์ €ํ•ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€(void)๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ• ๋ถ€๊ทผ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ ๊ณ , ์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

2.2 ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(Kim et al. 2019)(5)์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณต ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํœจ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ํญ, ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ํญ, ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ค‘์•™ ํ•˜๋ถ€์— ํœจ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ›„, ๊ฐ€๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์ด ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ขŒ๊ตด ํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์— ์—ฐ์‡„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ขŒ๊ตด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์‹ค์ œ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ขŒ๊ตด๊ฐ•๋„]/[์˜ˆ์ƒ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ขŒ๊ตด๊ฐ•๋„] ๋น„์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ด 1.00, ๋ณ€๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 10.1 %๋กœ ์‹œ๊ณต ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ขŒ๊ตด์ด ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค. ์„ค๊ณ„์‹œ๊ณตํ•˜์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์—์„œ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณตํ•˜์ค‘์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๊ฑฐ๋™ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

2.3 ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฒ•

์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์™„์ „ ์ผ์ฒด ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํœจ๋ถ€์žฌ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„์„ค๊ณ„๋ฒ•(KCI 2017)(3)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์ „๋‹จ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ๊ตฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์ง์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.3.1 ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์„ค๊ณ„

์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ํœจํŒŒ๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋„๋ก, ํœจํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘์ด ์ „๋‹จํŒŒ๊ดด์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ณตํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์˜ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๋งŒ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ „์ฒด ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.3.2 ์ „๋‹จ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์„ค๊ณ„

๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ถ€์žฌ ์ „๋‹จ์€ ์‹ (1)๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์™€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์•ˆ์ „์ธก์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

(1)
$\phi V_{n}= 0.75\dfrac{\sqrt{f_{ck T}}}{6}bd$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $f_{ck T}$๋Š” ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„, $b$๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ์˜ ํญ์ด๋‹ค.

2.3.3 ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ ์„ค๊ณ„

์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–‘๋‹จ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์ •๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ตœ๋Œ€๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๊ฐ€ 0์ธ ์ง€์ ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„์˜ 1/4 ์ •๋„์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์งง์€ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์•ˆ์ ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์นด์ด์ €ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์‚ฌ์žฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž‘์šฉ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์šธ์–ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ์žฌ๋งŒ ์œ ํšจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์šฉ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์šธ์–ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ์žฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2. Effective inclined members against shear force

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig2.png

(2)
$\phi V_{sf}= 0.75A_{vf}f_{yt}(\mu\sin\alpha_{f}+\cos\alpha_{f})$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $A_{vf}$์™€ $f_{yt}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„, $\mu$๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ , $\alpha_{f}$๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ๊ณผ ์ „๋‹จ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ์ด๋‹ค.

2.3.4 ์ฒ˜์ง ๊ฒ€ํ† 

ํ•˜์ค‘๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–‘๋‹จ ์—ฐ์†์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ (4)๋กœ ์ฒ˜์ง์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

(3)
$\Delta =\dfrac{5l^{2}}{48E_{c}I_{e}}(M_{m}-0.1M_{1}-0.1M_{2})$

(4)
$I_{e}=0.7I_{em}+0.15(I_{e1}+I_{e2})$

(5)
$I_{e}=\left(\dfrac{M_{cr}}{M_{a}}\right)^{3}I_{g}+\left[1-\left(\dfrac{M_{cr}}{M_{a}}\right)^{3}\right]I_{cr}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $l$์€ ์ง€์  ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ ๊ธธ์ด, $E_{c}$๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, $I_{e}$๋Š” ์œ ํšจ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $M_{m}$์€ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $M_{1}$๊ณผ $M_{2}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์–‘๋‹จ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $I_{em}$์€ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€ ์œ ํšจ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $I_{e1}$๊ณผ $I_{e2}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์–‘๋‹จ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ์œ ํšจ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $M_{cr}$์€ ๊ท ์—ด๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $M_{a}$๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ํœจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, $I_{g}$์™€ $I_{cr}$์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ „๋‹จ๋ฉด ๋ฐ ๊ท ์—ด๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์ด๋‹ค.

Table 1. Definition of service load

Load type

Load

D

Weight of truss encased slab

6.5 kN/m2

Weight of finish

2.5 kN/m2

L

Live load

16.0 kN/m2

D: dead load, L: live load

Fig. 3. Detail of specimens (unit: mm)

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig3.png

3. ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ณ„ํš

3.1 ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ค‘

๊ฑด์ถ•๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ธฐ์ค€(AIK 2016)[1]์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์„ Table 1์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ ์ž์ค‘์— ๋งˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์ค‘๊ณผ ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์— ํ•˜์ค‘๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.2 ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์„ค๊ณ„

Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ํญ์€ ์ฑ„์›€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์••์ถ•๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก 140 mm๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์˜ ํญ์€ ์‹œ๊ณต ์‹œ ์–‘์ค‘ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ 500 mm๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ SD400์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์นด์ด์ € ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์šฉ์ ‘๋œ D13 2๊ฐ€๋‹ฅ๊ณผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ทผ๋œ D10 4๊ฐ€๋‹ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 40 MPa, ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋Š” 24 MPa๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€ ์œ ๋ฌด๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 2๊ฐœ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 100ร—100 mm๋กœ Uํ˜•์ƒ ๊ฐ•์žฌ์™€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” 3.6 m์ด๊ณ  ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ๋†’์ด๋Š” 270 mm์ด๋‹ค. ํœจ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋‹จ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„๋น„๋Š” 3 ์ด์ƒ์ธ 4.6์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

PL-C140-F40-500์€ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์ด๊ณ , PL-C140- F40- 500-V๋Š” ์ž์ค‘ ๊ฐ์†Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ƒ์„ธ๋ฅผ Fig. 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

3.3 ๊ฐ€๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๊ณ„์ธก๊ณ„ํš

ํœจ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€๋ ฅ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค์น˜๋ฅผ Fig. 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ๋Šฅ์‹œํ—˜๊ธฐ(universal testing machine) ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ์— ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์ง€์  ์œ„์— ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์œ„์— 2์  ๊ฐ€๋ ฅ ์ฒ ๋ฌผ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋งŒ๋Šฅ์‹œํ—˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๋ ฅ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์ง ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€ ์ขŒ์šฐ์ธก์— 1๊ฐœ์”ฉ ์ด 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€์œ„๊ณ„(LVDT)๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€(strain gauges) 2๊ฐœ์™€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์— ๋งค๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์— ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€ 4๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 4. Test set-up (unit: mm)

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig4.png

Fig. 5. Construction of specimens

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig5_1.png

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig5_2.png

3.4 ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ œ์ž‘

์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ œ์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •์„ Fig. 5์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ€์„ค ์ „ Cํ˜•๊ฐ•์— ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์„ ์šฉ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฉ์ ‘ํ•˜์—ฌ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ๋†’์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ์ฑ„์›€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ ํƒ€์„คํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํƒ€์„ค์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ๋‹จ๋ถ€์— ์ฒ ํŒ์„ ์šฉ์ ‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํƒ€์„ค ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์ธก์••์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์ • ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์ฒ ๊ทผ์„ ์šฉ์ ‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์–‘์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€์„คํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— 100ร—100 mm ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” PL-C140-F40-500-V ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ U ํ˜•์ƒ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5 ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋„

ํœจ, ์ „๋‹จ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ชจ๋“œ ๋ณ„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ค‘ ์ตœ์†Ÿ๊ฐ’์„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“œ๋ณ„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ž์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ($V_{D}$ ๋˜๋Š” $M_{D}$)๋ฅผ ๋บ€ ๊ฐ€๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ์‹ (6)~(12)์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(6)
$V_{D}=\dfrac{w L_{n}}{2}$

(7)
$M_{D}=\dfrac{w L_{n}^{2}}{8}$

(8)
$P_{a,\:C}=2\dfrac{M_{a,\:C}-M_{D}}{L_{s}}$

(9)
$P_{a,\:F}=2\dfrac{M_{a,\:n}-M_{D}}{L_{s}}$

(10)
$P_{a,\:S}=2\left(V_{a,\:n}-V_{D}\right)$

(11)
$M_{a,\:hs}=V_{a,\:sf}jd$

(12)
$P_{a,\:H}=2\dfrac{M_{a,\:hs}-M_{D}}{L_{s}}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $V_{D}$, $M_{D}$๋Š” ์ž์ค‘($\omega$)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ถ€ ์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 4.78 kN, 3.52 kNโ€คm, $L_{n}$, $L_{s}$๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•˜์ค‘์ž‘์šฉ์ ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(m), $M_{a,\:c}$, $M_{a,\:n}$, $M_{a,\:hs}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ ๊ท ์—ด๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ, ๊ณต์นญ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์™€ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ(kNโ€คm), $V_{a,\:n}$๊ณผ $V_{a,\:sf}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ ์ „๋‹จ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๊ฐ•๋„(kN), $jd$๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ํŒ”๊ธธ์ด(m)์ด๋‹ค.

์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •๋œ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ชจ๋“œ๋ณ„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ Table 2์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž์ค‘๊ฐ์†Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” PL-C140-F40-500-V ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํƒ€์„ค๋œ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํ•˜์ค‘ $P_{a,\:H}$์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํ•˜์ค‘ $V_{a,\:sf}$ ์‚ฐ์ • ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋œ ์ž‘์šฉ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์šธ์–ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ์žฌ์˜ ์ „๋‹จ๋งˆ์ฐฐ ํšจ๊ณผ(Kang et al. 2013)(2)๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด ํœจ ํŒŒ๊ดด๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค.

Table 2. Test results

Specimens

Expected value

Test value

$P_{a,\:C}$ (kN)

$P_{a,\:F}$ (kN)

$P_{a,\:S}$ (kN)

$P_{a,\:H}$ (kN)

$P_{s}$ (kN)

$P_{\max}$ (kN)

$\delta_{s}$ (mm)

$\delta_{\max}$ (mm)

PL-C140-F40-500

35.2

97.2

196.3

70.5

33.7

119.5

1.59

58.2

PL-C140-F40-500-V

35.7

97.7

197.0

71.0

33.7

132.7

2.38

62.7

$P_{s}$: service load; $P_{a,\:C}$, $P_{a,\:F}$, $P_{a,\:S}$ and $P_{a,\:H}$: cracking, flexural, shear, and horizontal shear loads, respectively, based on actual material properties; $P_{\max}$: maximum load; $\delta_{s}$: deflection at $P_{s}$; $\delta_{\max}$: deflection at $P_{\max}$

4. ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

4.1 ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

์‹คํ—˜์ผ์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์„ค๊ณ„์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ณ„ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์••์ถ• ๊ณต์‹œ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 40 MPa๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ํ‰๊ท  ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” 40.1 MPa์ด๊ณ , 24 MPa๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ํ‰๊ท  ์••์ถ•๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” 25.2 MPa์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ-๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ณก์„ ์„ Fig. 6์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ SD400 D10, SD400 D13 ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ท  ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„ 497 MPa์™€ 500 MPa, ์ธ์žฅ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” 632 MPa์™€ 610 MPa๋กœ KS D3504(KATS 2016a)(6)์˜ ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํƒ„์„ฑ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” 190 GPa๋กœ ๊ณ„์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ๊ทผ ์ธ์žฅ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋™์ผ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ๋งˆ์ฃผ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋•Œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด๊ฒฐ์†์ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํƒ„์„ฑ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

4.2 ํŒŒ๊ดด ์–‘์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ค‘

์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋ณ„ ์ตœ์ข… ํŒŒ๊ดด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ Fig. 7์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 2๊ฐœ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํœจ ์ฒ˜์ง์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋Š” ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ํ•ญ๋ณตํ•œ ํ›„์— ์—ฐ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™ ํ›„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ค‘์˜ 85 % ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํœจ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ดํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ ๊ตฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ณ„๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜ํ‰๊ท ์—ด์€ ์œก์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

Fig. 6. Stress-strain relationships of concrete

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig6.png

Fig. 7. Typical specimen failures (grids spaced at 100 mm)

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig7.png

PL-C140-F40-500-V ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋Š” ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ์ „๋‹จํŒŒ๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ์ „๋‹จ๊ท ์—ด๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” PL-C140-F40-500 ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋™๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์ค‘ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€ ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ท ์—ด ์–‘์ƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

4.3 ํ•˜์ค‘-๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ด€๊ณ„

ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์ธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘-๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ Fig. 8์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Table 2์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 2์—์„œ $P_{a,\:F}$, $P_{a,\:S}$, $P_{a,\:H}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ํœจ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘, ์ „๋‹จํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘, ์ˆ˜ํ‰ ์ „๋‹จํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘์ด๋‹ค. $P_{a,\:c}$๋Š” ๊ท ์—ดํ•˜์ค‘์ด๊ณ , $P_{s}$๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ 30 kN ๋ถ€๊ทผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•œ ํœจ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘ $P_{a,\:F}$์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ํ•ญ๋ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ• ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ท ์—ดํ•˜์ค‘์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†’์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•ญ๋ณตํ•˜์ค‘์€ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.

Fig. 8. Load-strain relations

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig8.png

Fig. 9. Load-deflection relations

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig9.png

4.4 ํ•˜์ค‘-์ฒ˜์ง ๊ด€๊ณ„

๊ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ์ค‘์•™์—์„œ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ง๋ณ€์œ„์™€ ํ•˜์ค‘๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ Fig. 9์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ท ์—ด์€ PL-C140-F40-500, PL- C140-F40-500-V ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 39.7 kN, 34.4 kN์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์˜ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๊ท ์—ดํ•˜์ค‘($P_{a,\:c}$) 35.4 kN๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ•˜์ค‘์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€์„คํ•œ ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹ค์ œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‰๊ท  1.26๋ฐฐ ๋†’์€ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ค‘๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์—์„œ ์‹ (4)์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ฒ˜์ง์€ 0.7 mm์ด๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด๋“ค์˜ ์ฒ˜์ง์€ PL-C140-F40- 500๊ณผ PL-C140-F40-500-V ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.46 mm, 0.65 mm๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ท ์—ดํ•˜์ค‘($P_{a,\:C}$)๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ($I_{g}$) ๊ฐ’์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ „๋‹จ๋ฉด2์ฐจ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ($I_{g}$)๋Š” ์ฒ ๊ทผ๊ณผ Cํ˜•๊ฐ•์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ์ฒ˜์ง์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ฒ˜์ง๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Fig. 10. Moment-curvature curve

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig10.png

Fig. 11. Neutral axis-load relations

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig11.png

4.5 ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™ ๊ฒ€ํ† 

ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™ ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ-๊ณก๋ฅ  ๊ณก์„ ์„ Fig. 10์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , ํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ•์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ Fig. 11์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณก๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ• ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ์ƒ๋ถ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ๊ณผ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Hognestad model(Park and Paulay 1975)(11)๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‘๋ ฅ-๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ ์ผ์ฒด ๊ฑฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ๋ฉดํ•ด์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ ๊ณก๋ฅ ์„ Fig. 10์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ์ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ดํ›„ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ํ•ญ๋ณตํ•œ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ณก๋ฅ ์€ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์— ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฒ ๊ทผ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ์ผ์ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ•์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” Fig. 12์™€ ์‹ (13)์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ „์—๋Š” ํƒ„์„ฑ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ์ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ท ์—ด ์ดํ›„์—์„œ ํœจํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(13)
\begin{align*} x & =\dfrac{d\varepsilon_{c}}{\varepsilon_{c}+\varepsilon_{s}} \end{align*}

์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ ๊ณก๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ•์„ ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ํ† ํ•‘ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํœจํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ค‘๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„์ „ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๊ฑฐ๋™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ฒ ๊ทผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ „๋‹จ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

Fig. 12. Neutral axis of truss encased slab

../../Resources/kci/JKCI.2020.32.3.233/fig12.png

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

์ƒ๋ถ€ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•œ ์••์ถ•์ €ํ•ญ ์š”์†Œ์™€ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC๋ฅผ ๋ž˜ํ‹ฐ์Šคํ˜• ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํœจ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค.

1) ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด์˜ ์ค‘์•™์— ํœจ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ธ์žฅ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ํ•ญ๋ณตํ•œ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํœจ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ค‘์˜ 80 % ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜์–ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ ๊ตฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ‰๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

2) ์‹คํ—˜์ฒด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํœจ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3) ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€์˜ ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŒŒ๊ดด์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํœจํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ถ• ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋œ ์ค‘๊ณต๋ถ€๋Š” ํœจ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์ค‘ ๊ฐ์†Œํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

4) ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ [์‹ค์ œ ์ฒ˜์ง]/[์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ฒ˜์ง] ๋น„์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ด 0.79๋กœ ์ฒ˜์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

5) ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์••์ถ•์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ์ „๋œ Uํ˜• ๋‹จ๋ฉด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ PC ๋ถ€์žฌ๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์™„์ „ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ฑฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๊ฑฐ๋™ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ€

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ค‘์†Œ๋ฒค์ฒ˜๊ธฐ์—…๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” 2018๋…„๋„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…(No. C0637683)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ž„์„ ๋ฐํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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