Mobile QR Code QR CODE
Export citation EndNote




๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘, 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋น„๋ถ€์ฐฉ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ, ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘, ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘
extreme loading, bi-directional unbonded PSC, blast loading, fire loading, blast-fire combined loading

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  • 2. ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  •   2.1 ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œํ™”์žฌ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค

  •   2.2 ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์„ ์ •

  •   2.3 ์‹œํŽธ์ œ์ž‘

  •   2.4 ํญ๋ฐœ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  •   2.5 ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  • 3. ํญ๋ฐœ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜

  • 4. ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜

  •   4.1 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์™ธ๊ด€ ๋ถ„์„

  •   4.2 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ

  •   4.3 ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”

  • 5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ    ๋ก 

ํ•œ๊ตญํ˜• ํ‘œ์ค€์›์ „(OPR)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ „๋žตํ˜• ์‹ ํ˜•์›์ „(APR) ๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ ์†Œ๋ จ ์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ์ธ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ ์ „์Ÿ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋†’์€ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์˜จ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ(Prestressed Concrete, PSC)๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ(Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel, PCCV)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†์ƒ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ถ€ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋“ฑ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด ๋ฐ ์†์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ทนํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋„์ž…๋œ ์›์ „ ๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํ™”์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์€ ์ง‘์•ฝ๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ๊ธ‰์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋†’์€ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํŒŒ(wave)๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๋ช…์— ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋†’์€ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ•๊ดด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ธ๋ช…ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.1-5)

๊ตญ๋‚ด ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌ ๋“ฑ ์ธ์ ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1990๋…„๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์ฒญ, ๋ฐฉ์žฌํ•™ํšŒ, ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ๋ฐ ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ๋Œ€์ฑ… ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ”ผ๋Œ€์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋งŒ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Fig. 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” 1/6 ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋‚˜, ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ํŒŒ๊ดด ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ PSC ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‹œ๋„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€์—ฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์›์ „์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ PCCV ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋ณด์•ˆ์ƒ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค.6-10)

Fig. 1

Damage occurrence by blast and fire load

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F1.jpg

PCCV์— ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋†’์€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ์†๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณ„์ธก์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋น„์šฉ, ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ, ํ•˜์ค‘ ์žฌํ•˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ ์‹คํ—˜์  ์ œ์•ฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์‹คํ—˜์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ—˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๋˜ํ•œ ์›ํ™œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ PSC ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์†์ƒ๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ด์„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ–์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•(High Fidelity Physics Based, HFPB)์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ high strain rate์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒํŠน์„ฑ, ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋™์  ๊ฑฐ๋™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ณ ์† ๋ณ€ํ˜•์œจ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹คํ—˜์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„์€ LS-DYNA์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ explicit time integration์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํ•ด์„์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ ํญ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ™”์žฌ ์‹คํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ calibration์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„๊ณผ์˜ calibration์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ •๋ฐ€ ๊ณ„์ธก์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ œ์•ฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 1,400 ร— 1,000 ร— 300 mm ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ PSC ํŒจ๋„๋ถ€์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌ, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. PSC ๋ถ€์žฌ์— ๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ˜•ํƒœ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ํก์ˆ˜๋ ฅ, ๋ณ€์œ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค, ๊ฐ€์†๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ํ™”์žฌ ์‹œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ถ€์žฌ์— ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ถ„ํฌ, ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์†์ƒ ๋“ฑ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‚ดํ™”์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ FEM์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ฐ€๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

2.1 ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œํ™”์žฌ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค

ํ„ฐ๋„ ๋ฐ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด Cellulosic curve๋Š” KS F 2257, ISO 834 ๋“ฑ์— ๊ทœ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ฐ€์—ด์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„ ์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ค๋ฌผ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜• ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป์€ ์˜จ๋„์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ณก์„ ์ด๋‹ค. 5๋ถ„ ์ด๋‚ด์— 450ยฐC ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ‰์†๋„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ›„ 140๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„๋งŒํ•œ ๊ณก์„ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 2

Fire scenario curves (RABT, RWS, ISO 834)

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F2.jpg

RWS (Rijkswaterstaat) ๊ณก์„ ์€ 1979๋…„ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ์˜ TNO์— ์˜ํ•ด Rijkswaterateaat tunnel์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ„ํš์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์„์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šด ์œ ์กฐ์ฐจ์— ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ์‹œ ์—ด๋ฐฉ์ถœ์œจ์ด 300 MW์˜ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, 120๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณก์„ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ 5๋ถ„ ์ด๋‚ด 1,000ยฐC์ด์ƒ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 1,350ยฐC์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌ ํ›„ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋‚ด์˜ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์„์œ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์  ํ™”์žฌ์˜จ๋„์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ RABT (Richtlinien fรผr die Ausstattung und den Betrieb von Straฮฒentunneln) ๊ณก์„ ์€ Eureka 499 (1990-1992) ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด RABT ๊ณก์„ ์€ 5๋ถ„ ๋‚ด 1,200ยฐC์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ 30๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋œ ํ›„ 110๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ„ฐ๋„ ๋‚ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ํƒœํ˜• ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ผ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์™€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค๋ฌผํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์–ป์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ฐ€์—ด์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„ ์ด๋‹ค. Eureka 499 ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 1,000ยฐC ์ดํ•˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ตœ์†Œ 15-80๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€์†๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ RABT ๊ณก์„ ์—์„œ 30๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 60๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ 120๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์Šค์›จ๋ด์˜ Runehamar tunnel (2003)์—์„œ์˜ ์‹ค๋ฌผ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Fig. 2์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด RABT curve์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” RWS์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ฐ€์—ด์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„  ๋ฐ Runehamar ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„ ํ˜•์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” RABT ๋ฐ RWS ์˜จ๋„๊ณก์„ ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ RABT curve์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.4,11,12)

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๋ฐœํ™”์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ํ†ต์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ๊ณต์œ ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ 1,100ยฐC ์ด์ƒ ๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.12) ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋…์ผ ๊ตํ†ต์„ฑ ๋„๋กœ๊ฑด์„ค๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.2 ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์„ ์ •

2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ APR-1400 ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์••๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์›์ „๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค Flamatome์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์••๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์••๋ ฅํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, 350 m/s์˜ ์†๋„์™€ 0.005 MPa, 300 ms๋™์•ˆ ํญ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์šธ์ง„ 1, 2ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์œผ๋‚˜ 300 ms ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์žฅ์•ฝ๋Ÿ‰์„ ConWEP ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜์— ์ ์šฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ด๊ฒฉ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํŒŒ์••์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ANFO 25 kg์„ ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1.0 m ๋†’์ด์—์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.13) ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์‹œ์— ํญ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๊ทนํ•œ๋ณตํ•ฉํ•˜์ค‘์ด ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‚˜, ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ธก์ •์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ œ์•ฝ๊ณผ ์„ผ์„œ ์†์ƒ์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์  ์ œ์•ฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ํญ๋ฐœ์‹คํ—˜๊ณผ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์ง„ํ–‰ ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ด๋™ ์‹œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์†์ƒ์—ฌ๋ถ€, ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค, ์˜จ๋„, ์Šต๋„ ๋“ฑ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์š”์ธ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™ธ์  ์š”์ธ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์ธก์ •, ๊ท ์—ด ํ‘œ๊ธฐ, ์‹คํ—˜์ผ์ • ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.3 ์‹œํŽธ์ œ์ž‘

ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด Fig. 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด 1,400 ร— 1,000 ร— 300 ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ(RC), ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ํ…๋˜์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ(PSC), ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ํ…๋˜๊ณผ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ(PSRC, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ PSC), ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋กœ 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์Šฌ๋ž˜๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ธ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ทผ๋น„์ธ 0.024, PS ํ…๋˜๋น„๋Š” 0.0107์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ํ•˜์ค‘๋ณ„๋กœ ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ๋น„๊ต ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌ, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์›์ „๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ํ™”์žฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋Šฅ ๋ˆ„์ถœ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋„ˆํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทนํ•œ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์žฌ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. RC, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ D13 ์ฒ ๊ทผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 100 mm ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ๋ฐฐ๊ทผ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋„๋ก 40 MPa ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. PS ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ PS ๊ธด์žฅ์žฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์†ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ˜„์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„ 1,600 MPa, ๊ทนํ•œ๊ฐ•๋„ 1,730 MPa, ๋‹จ์œ„์ค‘๋Ÿ‰ 1.101 kg/m3์˜ ./images_image/PIC6BF6.gif 15.2 mm PS ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์€ ๋น„๋ถ€์ฐฉ ํฌ์ŠคํŠธํ…์…˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ๋˜ํ•œ ./images_image/PIC6C07.gif 80 mm ์‰ฌ์Šค๊ด€์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธด์žฅ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋ผ์šฐํŒ…์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋น„๋ถ€์ฐฉ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธด์žฅ ์‹œ PS ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ„์น˜์— ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์ธกํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ„์ธก๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 520-610 kN์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„์ž…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3

Specimen geometries (unit: mm)

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F3.jpg

Table 1 Type of test specimens

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T1.jpg

2.4 ํญ๋ฐœ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

ํญ๋ฐœ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ๋‹ค๋ฝ๋Œ€์‹œํ—˜์žฅ(ADD)์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ์ž์œ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ๋•Œ, ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฐ„์„ญํšจ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ ˆํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์„ Fig. 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง€๋ฉด๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์น˜์— ๊ฑฐ์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1.0 m ๋†’์ด์— ANFO ํญ์•ฝ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” Dewe 1201๊ณผ Dewe 2600์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 50-500 kHz์˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋ง ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ณ„์ธกํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5 m ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํญ๋ฐœ์ž…์‚ฌ์••๋ ฅ(free field incident pressure)์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, Fig. 5์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ƒยทํ•˜๋ถ€๋ฉด์— LVDT (Dynamic, residual)์™€ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์••๋ ฅ, ๊ฐ€์†๋„, ๋ณ€์œ„, ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์„ ๊ณ„์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 4

Blast test setup

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F4.jpg
Fig. 5

Sensor locations of the concrete specimen

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F5.jpg

2.5 ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

./images_image/PIC6C08.gif

RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” 5๋ถ„ ๋‚ด์— 1,200ยฐC์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ, 60๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ ๋’ค, 120๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Fig. 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ˆ˜ํ‰ ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ฐ€์—ด๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ฐ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. LPG ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋ฉด์— ๊ฐ€์—ด์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋ฒฝ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์—ดํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํŒฌ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์šด์˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜จ๋„์œ ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์˜จ๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆœํ™˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋ฐ•๋ฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์—ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์˜†๋ฉด์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ฉด์— ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋„๋ก ๊ฐ€์—ด๋กœ ์ƒ๋ถ€์— ์‹œํŽธ์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์— ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Fig. 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 250 mm ์œ„์น˜์— k-type ์—ด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‹œํŽธ ์ œ์ž‘ ์‹œ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Data acqu-isition์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Dewetron์‚ฌ์˜ DS-NET์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 6

Heating system

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F6.jpg
Fig. 7

Thermocouple locations

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F7.jpg

3. ํญ๋ฐœ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ผํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ, ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†์ƒ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์€ ANFO 25 kg์„ ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1.0 m ์ด๊ฒฉ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ํญ๋ฐœ์‹œ์ผœ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.13)

ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์€ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ANFO ํญ์•ฝ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ™”์—ผ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ๋…๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž”์—ฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ณ ์••์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์‚ฐ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Table 2๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. UFC3-340-1์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์‚ฐ์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ConWEP์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์กŒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘๊ณผ ์‹œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5 m ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ง€์ ์˜ free field incident pressure ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Fig. 8๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅ์€ ConWEP์— ์˜ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์••๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์€ 4.3%, ์ถฉ๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰์€ 6.12% ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅ ๋„๋‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์•ฝ 4.708 msec๋กœ ConWEP์—์„œ ๋„์ถœ๋œ 3.701 msec์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฏธ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 0.8 msec ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ์••๋ ฅ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธก์ •๋œ Reflected pressure๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹คํ—˜ ์‹œ ์•ฝ 11.3 MPa ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์™ธ๊ด€์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€๋ฉด์€ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ•˜๋ถ€๋ฉด์€ ๊ท ์—ด์†์ƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. RC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌํ˜• ๊ท ์—ด์ด, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์€ PS ํ…๋˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ธด์žฅ๋œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 2 Blast test results

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T2.jpg
Fig. 8

Blast pressure data from blast test

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F8.jpg

Table 2์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด RC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ฒ˜์ง์€ 13.80 mm์œผ๋กœ ์ž”๋ฅ˜๋ณ€ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํšŒ๋ณต๋ฅ ์€ 0.76๋งŒํผ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์€ RC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์ง์€ 8.79 mm, ํšŒ๋ณต๋ฅ ์€ 0.81๋กœ RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์ง์€ ์•ฝ 57%, ์ž”๋ฅ˜๋ณ€์œ„๋Ÿ‰์€ 28% ์ •๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PS ํ…๋˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์†๋œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‹œํŽธ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํญ๋ฐœ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ƒยทํ•˜๋ถ€์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธก์ •๋œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์„ธ ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฑฐ๋™ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ PSC ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ , PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์ด RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. PS ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ์••๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์žฅ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ 10 kN ์ •๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํญ๋ฐœ์••๋ ฅํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋Š” RC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 31,223 g, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 36,870 g, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 38,935 g๋กœ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ฒ ๊ทผ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹œํŽธ์ด ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ปค์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด PS ํ…๋˜๊ณผ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋œ ์‹œํŽธ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ํฐ ์ง„๋™๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

4. ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ํญ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‚˜, ์‹คํ—˜์  ์ œํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œ์ผœ ํ™”์žฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4.1 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์™ธ๊ด€ ๋ถ„์„

ํ™”์žฌ ๋ฐ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ RC, PSC, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์†์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ท ์—ด๋„๋ฅผ Figs. 9~12์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 9๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ํ›„ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํญ๋ ฌ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ ์€ RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ PSC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ํญ๋ ฌ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 10(a)์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ RC-F ์‹œํŽธ์€ ํญ๋ ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” 48 mm๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํ”ผ๋ณต๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํญ๋ ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Figs. 11(a), 12(a)์˜ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์€ RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” PSC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 199 mm๋กœ ํ•˜๋ถ€ํ…๋˜์ด ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์‰ฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” 167 mm๋กœ ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์‰ฌ์Šค์˜ ์†์ƒ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ƒโ€คํ•˜๋ถ€๋ฉด์˜ ๊ท ์—ด์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, PSC, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์€ Figs. 11~12์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด RC ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œํŽธ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๊ท ์—ด๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ์ ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œํŽธ ์ค‘์•™ ์ผ๋ถ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ท ์—ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ์••์ถ•๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ ๋˜ํ•œ ์••์ถ•์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์†Ÿ์Œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Figs. 10~12๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ๋ณ„๋กœ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์†์ƒ๋ฉด์ ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ Table 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์†์ƒ๋œ ๋ฉด์ ๋งŒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ RC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSC ์‹œํŽธ, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ 7.46 ร— 105 mm2~8.82 ร— 105 mm2๋กœ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์†์ƒ๋ฉด์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‚˜, ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 175.58 ร— 106 mm3, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 63.53 ร— 106 mm3๋กœ PSC ์‹œํŽธ์€ RC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์•ฝ 4.9๋ฐฐ, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ์•ฝ 1.8๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ์†์ƒ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ์†์ƒ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋Š” ์†์ƒ๋ฉด์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋กœ ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ์ƒ๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์™€ ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ๋งŒ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†์ƒ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์†์ƒ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์†์ƒ์œจ์€ ์ „์ฒด๋ถ€ํ”ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†์ƒ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 9

Damaged surface of blast-fire combined tested concrete panels

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F9.jpg

Table 3 Approximate calculation of maximum damage surface from fire and blast-fire loading

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T3.jpg
Fig. 10

Damaged surface and crack profile of fire and blast-fire tested RC panel

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F10.jpg
Fig. 11

Damaged surface and crack profile of fire and blast-fire tested PSC panel

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F11.jpg
Fig. 12

Damaged surface and crack profile of fire and blast-fire tested PSRC panel

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F12.jpg

๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์€ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. RC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” 34 mm๋กœ ๋‹จ์ผํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์•ฝ 14 mm ์ ์€ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 183 mm, 71 mm๋กœ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 10(e)์™€ Table 3์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ RC-BF ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์†์ƒ์œจ์€ 6.22%๋กœ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ RC-F ์‹œํŽธ์˜ 8.52%์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ 0.73๋ฐฐ ์ ์€ ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์†์ƒ์œจ์€ 12.4%, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์ด 32.58%๋กœ, ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ 15.12%, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ 41.81%์˜ ์†์ƒ์œจ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.77๋ฐฐ, 0.82๋ฐฐ ๋” ์ ์€ ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ท ์—ด๊ณผ ๋ฐ•๋ฝ๋œ ๊ณณ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์˜จ์˜ ์—ด์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

4.2 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ

RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ฐ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํŒจ๋„๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ์˜จ๋„์ด๋ ฅ๊ณก์„ ์€ Fig. 13๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์— k-type ์—ด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„์น˜๋ณ„(50, 100, 150, 250 mm)๋กœ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ Fig. 14์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 13

Temperature-time history curve of fire, blast-fire damaged concrete panels

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F13.jpg
Fig. 14

Temperature-distance from surface history curve of fired and blast-fire damaged concrete panels

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F14.jpg

Table 4 Maximum measurement temperature and fire damaged criteria of tunnels and PCCVs (Unit: ยฐC)

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T4.jpg

ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒ ๊ทผ ํ”ผ๋ณต๋‘๊ป˜์ธ 50 mm ์ •๋„ ์œ„์น˜์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 150 mm์—์„œ 250 mm ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ PSC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 200 mm๊นŒ์ง€ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 50 mm(์ฒ ๊ทผ ํ”ผ๋ณต๋‘๊ป˜) ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ ฌ๊ณผ ํƒˆ๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑด์กฐ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋™ํ•˜์˜€์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์ด ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๋งŒํผ ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, RC ๋ถ€์žฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ PSC ๋ถ€์žฌ๋Š” ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ƒ๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. PSC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ๊ฐ€์—ด ํ›„ 20๋ถ„ ํ›„์—๋„ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ํญ๋ ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ณ„์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์—ด์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ›„์—๋„ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์‹ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ ์†์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ์ƒ์—์„œ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฑด์กฐ๋กœ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์„ค์ •๋œ RABT ํ™”์žฌ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 1,200ยฐC๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ•๋ฝ๋˜์–ด ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์ด ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ITA (Internatio-nal Tunnelling Association, 2004)์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ํญ๋ ฌ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์€ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ RC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ITA์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”์žฌ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์—ด๋ฉด์ด ํ”ผ๋ณต๋‘๊ป˜ ์ •๋„์˜ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 15๋ถ„ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์—ด๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์˜ ๋…ธ์ถœ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ํ…๋˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„์ž…๋œ PSC ์‹œํŽธ, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€์—ด์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” 30๋ถ„ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” 60๋ถ„ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ท ์—ด๋‹ซํž˜ ํ˜„์ƒ ๋“ฑ ์‹œํŽธ์ด ํ™”์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ITA์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ PS ๊ธด์žฅ์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์••์ถ•๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™”์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ํญ๋ ฌ๊ฑฐ๋™์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.14)

ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด Fig. 13์„ ํ†ตํ•ด RC-BF ์‹œํŽธ ๋˜ํ•œ 50 mm์— ๋‹จ๋ฉด์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฑด์กฐ๋กœ์˜ ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. PSC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 100 mm ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ํญ๋ ฌ๊ณผ ํƒˆ๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐ€์—ด๋ฉด์ด ํ•˜๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ๋งŒํผ ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, Fig. 13๊ณผ Table 4์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ„์น˜๋ณ„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ผ๋ณต๋‘๊ป˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ 100 mm ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์ด 1,148.67ยฐC์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์€ 289.9ยฐC๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ์˜จ๋„์ƒ์Šน์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 150 mm ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์ด 1,080.5ยฐC, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์ด 556.96ยฐC๋กœ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํญ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ท ์—ด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ ์˜จ์˜ ์—ด์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œํŽธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. Fig. 14์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์—ด์ „๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์œ„์น˜ ๋ณ„ ์˜จ๋„๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ์‹œํŽธ์ด ํ™”์žฌ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํญ๋ฐœ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ์†์ƒ๋ถ€์œ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ด์ด ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, Table 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ„ฐ๋„๊ตฌ์กฐ์šฉ ๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์™€ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, ํ„ฐ๋„๊ตฌ์กฐ์šฉ ๋ถ€์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ RC ๋ฐ PSC ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ดํ™”์žฌ ์—†์ด๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด PSC ๋ฐ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์ด ์•ฝ 3.12~8.68๋ฐฐ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” ISO 834์ด์ง€๋งŒ, PSC ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ™”์žฌ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋‚ดํ™”์žฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

4.3 ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”

๋น„๋ถ€์ฐฉ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” PS ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ„์••์—ฐ๊ฐ•(cold-rolled steel)์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ฒ ๊ทผ(mild steel)์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ๋„์ƒ์Šน์— ๋” ์˜ˆ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ RABT ํ™”์žฌ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ PS ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” Fig. 15์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ PSC ์‹œํŽธ์€ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‹œํŽธ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์••์ถ•๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ Fig. 16๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์†์ƒ์ด ๋˜์–ด ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ strain gauge๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์†์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ธก์ •์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์€ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” 180๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์ธก์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1,200ยฐC์˜ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์ด ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฏธ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1,200ยฐC๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋œ ํ›„ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” 2์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Tables 5~6์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด PSC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ(PS-1~4)์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์˜ ์ธ์žฅ๋ถ€(PS-2, 4)๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  223 kN~306 kN ์†์‹ค๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€(PS-1, 3)์™€ ์žฅ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ(PS-5~8)์˜ ์„ผ์„œ๋Š” ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์˜ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€๋Š” 78 kN~93 kN, ์ธ์žฅ๋ถ€์—๋Š” 75 kN~118 kN์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 15

Tensile force history curves under RABT fire loading

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F15.jpg

Table 5 Prestress losses of PSC specimens

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T5.jpg

Table 6 Prestress losses of PSRC specimens

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Table_CONCRETE_29_03_01_T6.jpg
Fig. 16

Fire damage of PS tendon and sheath tube

/Resources/kci/JKCI.2017.29.3.237/images/Figure_CONCRETE_29_03_01_F16.jpg

ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ตœ๋Œ€ 60% ์ด์ƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ(PS-1~4) ์†์‹ค์œจ์€ 20% ๋‚ด์™ธ๋กœ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ(PS-5~8)์˜ ์†์‹ค์œจ์€ PSC ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ PSRC ์‹œํŽธ ๋ชจ๋‘ 32~68%๊นŒ์ง€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ์žฌ๋Š” ์—ด์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ํšŒ๋ณต์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ์˜จ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

5. ๊ฒฐ    ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” PSC ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” 2๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํŒจ๋„ ๋ถ€์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถ•์†Œ๋ถ€์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

1)๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ์‹คํ—˜์  ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ ์œ ๋ฌด, ์ฒ ๊ทผ ๋ณด๊ฐ• ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ RC ๋ฐ PSC, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์†์ƒ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ดํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, RC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์†์ƒ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” 48 mm ์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„์ž…๋œ PSC, PSRC ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 199 mm ๊นŠ์ด๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์†ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2)๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์€ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ท ์—ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”์žฌ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์˜จ์˜ ์—ด์ด ๊ท ์—ด๊ณผ ๋ฐ•๋ฝ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ ฌ์ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ํญ๋ ฌํ˜„์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒยทํ•˜๋ถ€ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์‹คํ—˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํญ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ™”์žฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์„ฑ์งˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

3)๊ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ํ„ฐ๋„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์šฉ ๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์™€ ์›์ „๊ฒฉ๋‚ฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‰ฌ์Šค ๋ฐ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์ด ์†์ƒ๋˜์–ด ๊ธด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด PSC ์›์ „๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ, ์„ค๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ํ™”์žฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๊ทนํ•œํ•˜์ค‘ ์†์ƒ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ–ฅํ›„ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํ™”์žฌํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•ด์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ์•ˆ์ „์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์›์ž๋ ฅ์•ˆ์ „์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์•ˆ์ „์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(No. 1403010). ๋˜ํ•œ 2016๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€(๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ฐฝ์กฐ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์ค‘๊ฒฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž-๋„์•ฝ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…, No. 2016R1A2B3009444). ์ด์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

References

1 
Shin, S. W., Kwon, Y. J., Kim, W. J., Song, H., Shin, Y. S., Yoo, S. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, K. D., Choi, K. H., and Hong, S. G., Fire Safety Design Guidelines of High Strength Concrete Structures, Architectural Institute of Korea, Ki Moon dang, Korea, 2008, pp. 1-50.Google Search
2 
Ha, J. H., Yi, N. H., Kim, S. B., Choi, J. K., and Kim, J. H. J., โ€œExperimental Study on Blast Resistance Improvement of RC Panels by FRP Retrofittingโ€, Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 22, No. 1, 2010, pp. 93-102.DOI
3 
Won, J. P., Choi, S. W., Park, C. G., and Park, H. K., โ€œTempe-rature Distribution of Wet-mixed High Strength Sprayed Polymer Mortar for Fire Resistance of Tunnelโ€, Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 26, No. 4C, 2006, pp. 283-290.Google Search
4 
Chang, S. H., Choi, S. W., Kwon, J. W., and Bae, G. J., โ€œEvaluation of Fire-Induced Damage to Structural Members in Tunnelsโ€, Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 26, No. 3C, 2006, pp. 219-228.Google Search
5 
Kang, J. Y., Yoon, H. A., Kim, W. S., Kodur, V., Shin, Y. S., Kim, H. S., โ€œEffect of Wall Thickness on Thermal Behaviors of RC Walls Under Fire Conditionsโ€, International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2016, pp. S19-S31.DOI
6 
Hyde, D. W., Fundamental of Protective Design for Conven-tional Weapons, CONWEP (Conventional Weapons Effects), TM5-8511-1, United States Army Waterway Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., 1992.Google Search
7 
Baker, W. E., Explosions in Air, Wilfred Baker Engineering, San Antonio., 1973.Google Search
8 
TM5-855-1 / AFPAM32-1147 / NAVFACP-1080 / DAHSCWE-MAN-97 Design and Analysis of Hardened Structures to Conventional Weapons Effects, Joint Departments of the Army, Air Force, Navy and the Defense Special Weapons Agency, Washington, DC., 1997.Google Search
9 
Kakogiannis, D., Pascualena, F., Reymen, B., Pyl, L., Ndambi, J. M., Segers, E., Lecompte, D., Vantomme, J., and Krauth-ammer, T., โ€œBlast Performance of Reinforced Concrete Hollow Core Slabs in Combination with Fire: Numerical and Experimental Assessmentโ€, Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 57, 2013, pp. 69-82.DOI
10 
Huo, J., Zheng, Q., and Chen, B., โ€œTests on Impact Behaviour of Micro-Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes at elevated Temperatures up to 400ยฐCโ€, Materials and Structures, Vol. 42, 2009, pp. 1325-1334,DOI
11 
Schmeider, U., โ€œProperties of Materal at High Temperatures-Concreteโ€, 2nd edn, RILEM Report, Gesamthochule Kassel, Germany, 1986, pp. 39-41.Google Search
12 
Jeon, S. J., Jim, B. M., and Kim, Y. J., โ€œAssessment of the Fire Resistance of a Nuclear Power Plant Exposed to Jet Fuel Fireโ€, Civil Expo 2011, Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Il-San KINTEX, 2011, pp. 419-422.Google Search
13 
Choi, J. H., Choi, S. J., Cho, C. M., Kim, T. K., and Kim, J. H. J., โ€œExperimental Evaluation of Bi-directionally Unbonded Prestressed Concrete Panels Blast resistance Behavior under Blast Loading Scenarioโ€, Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 28, No. 6, 2016, pp. 673-683.DOI
14 
International Tunnelling Association, โ€œGuidelines for Structural Fire Resistance for Road Tunnelsโ€, Working Group, No. 6, ITA, 2004, pp. 1.1-2.9.Google Search